Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Pavel Lazarev
Capacitor Sciences Inc, USA
Keynote: Nonlinear polarizability in dielectrophores
Time : 09:00-09:30
Biography:
Pavel Lazarev is the inventor of Capacitor Sciences’ high permittivity technology and founder of the Company. He also is the founder of Cryscade and inventor of the company’s Donor-Bridge-Acceptor technology. He received his Masters from Moscow State University, Ph.D. in Crystallography and Dr. of Science Degree in Biophysics from the Russian Academy of Science. Previously, Pavel founded Nanotechnology MDT (www.nt-mdt.com), Akvion (www.akvion.ru), Optiva Inc., Ribtan Inc. (www.ribtan.com) and Crysoptix KK, (www.crysoptix.com). Pavel was an editor of International Journals ‘Molecular Engineering’, ‘Nanobiology’ and ‘Molecular Materials’. Pavel has published several books, over 150 technical publications and over 200 inventions with emphasis on the R&D and production of functional crystalline films based upon coatable lyotropic liquid crystals.
Abstract:
Statement of the Problem: Efficient energy storage is crucial both for everyday operations and for the long-term sustainability of human civilization. Electrochemical storage units, such as batteries, have large energy density but small power density and, moreover, can degrade relatively fast. Electrostatic storage units, such as capacitors, have the advantages over the batteries in almost all areas but have much smaller energy density. We proposed to use molecular film capacitors where the energy is stored in highly polarizable aromatic cores, dielectrophores, enveloped in resistive structure by aliphatic tails which provide high dielectric strength. We believe that if the induced dipole depends nonlinearly on the external electric field, at high operating voltage such structure can have the energy density comparable with that of the batteries and even exceed it.
Methodology: Thin films based on organic molecules were grown by the cascade crystallization procedure. Three samples with the P032, P033, and P036 molecular units, see Fig. 1, were charged using corona poling method, and compared to the polypropylene film (PP). The surface potential was measured by the Kelvin probe technique with the bottom electrode grounded. The dependencies of the surface potential on the introduced charge are shown in Fig. 1.
Findings: While the PP film exhibits the linear relation between the charge and voltage, the corresponding dependence is highly nonlinear for our organic films for elevated voltages. Our estimations demonstrate that the stored energy for the P036 molecular compound can exceed that of the PP film up to 3000 times.
Conclusion & Significance: We demonstrate organic-molecules-based thin films which can be used for the energy storage applications. With high energy density and large breakdown voltage, they can eventually replace the electrochemical batteries.
Keynote Forum
Dimitris Drikakis
University of Strathclyde,UK
Keynote: Fluid/Solid interface processes associated with emerging materials
Time : 09:30-10:00
Biography:
Dr. Dimitris Drikakis is Professor of Engineering Science, Executive Director of the Strathclyde Space Institute. Prior to his present positions, he was the Executive Dean (Engineering) and Associate Principal and at the University of Strathclyde, (till June 2017) and Head of Aerospace Sciences and Professor of Fluid Mechanics & Computational Science at Cranfield University (2003-2015). His expertise is in computational fluid dynamics (CFD), fluid mechanics (particularly compressible flows), and micro/nanoscale processes at fluid-solid interfaces. To date, he has co-authored two books in the field of computational fluid dynamics and has published about 400 papers/book chapters in the above technical areas.
Abstract:
The paper concerns processes at fluid/solid interfaces, which can lead to the design of new materials that meet specifications with regard to flow velocity, thermal conductivity and shear viscosity. In particular, the talk will focus on the effects of surface roughness on nanoflows.
A fractal model is employed to model wall roughness, and molecular simulations are performed for liquid argon confined by two solid walls. It is shown that the surface roughness reduces the velocity in the proximity of the walls with the reduction being accentuated when increasing the roughness depth and wettability of the solid wall.
It also makes the flow three-dimensional and anisotropic. In flows over idealized smooth surfaces, the liquid forms parallel, well-spaced layers, with a significant gap between the first layer and the solid wall. Rough walls distort the orderly distribution of fluid layers resulting in an incoherent formation of irregularly shaped fluid structures around and within the wall cavities.
Furthermore, we show that while the viscosity in smooth channels remains constant across the channel width, in the presence of surface roughness it increases close to the walls. The increase of the boundary viscosity is further accentuated by an increase in the depth of surface roughness.
Keynote Forum
Ludek Frank
Czech Academy of Sciences, CzechRepublic
Keynote: Carbon overlayer from hydrocarbon precursors: Electron-beam-induced deposition/removal
Time : 10:00-10.30
Biography:
Ludek Frank is a senior researcher at the Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences. He has expertise in the methodology of electron microscopy and spectroscopy with an emphasis on low-energy electron applications. Currently he is studying the scanning transmission electron energy at near-zero energies of electrons and its application in material as well as biomedical sciences. Eliska Mikmekova is a staff researcher at the same Institute and head of the Group of Microscopy and Spectroscopy of Surfaces. She has expertise in the generation and diagnostics of ultrafine layers and 2D crystals. She is also developing and promoting the method of electron-stimulated desorption of adsorbed hydrocarbons.
Abstract:
The creation of various nanostructures on surfaces by means of the electron-beam-induced deposition of carbon from hydrocarbon precursors has proven to be a productive nanotechnological tool. On the other hand, the same phenomenon represents an unpleasant challenge when operating a scanning electron microscope with the usual standard vacuum in the specimen chamber. Even under ultrahigh vacuum conditions, a successful solution has to include in-situ cleaning of the surface under observation. Our experiments have revealed the phenomenon to be crucially dependent on the energy of incident electrons to such an extent that deposition can be converted to removal of the precursors, thereby preventing carbon coating. In addition to the electron energy, other important governing factors have been identified including the electron dose, the electron current, the electric field above the surface in question and the presence of a gas such as oxygen. Another extremely important circumstance is that the removal of precursors can be achieved not only under ultrahigh vacuum conditions, but also under standard high vacuum conditions of the order of 10-4 Pa. The pilot study of the phenomenon has been performed on graphene – both free-standing and supported graphene – and the cleaning effect was demonstrated by decreased reflectivity and significantly increased transmissivity of the graphene for slow electrons of energies down to fractions of eV. Possible radiation damage of the graphene due to the electron irradiation was checked by means of Raman spectroscopy and found to be negligible below an electron landing energy of 50 eV. The phenomenon was further checked by means of the XPS established, development of the ratio between sp2 and sp3 bonds corresponding to crystalline and amorphous carbon, respectively, and the ratio between carbon and oxygen intensities in the Auger electron spectrum. The phenomenon can be employed, for example, when aiming for any “true” surface study in a standard vacuum electron microscope.
- Nanotechnology in Materials Sciene | Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering | Materials Chemistry and Physics
Chair
Frederic Dumur
Aix Marseille University, France
Session Introduction
Frederic Dumur
UMR CNRS, France
Title: On-surface synthesis of aligned functional nanoribbons monitored by scanning tunnelling microscopy and vibrational spectroscopy
Time : 10:45-11:10
Biography:
Frederic Dumur has completed his PhD from Angers University (France) in 2002. From 2003 to 2008, he was successively a Postdoctoral Fellow in the group of Professor Ben L. Feringa (2003-2005), Nobel Prize 2016, Dr. Norbert Hoffmann (Reims, France), and Professor Francis Sécheresse (Versailles, France). Since 2008, he is Associate Professor at the Institute of Radical Chemistry of Aix Marseille University. He has published more than 180 papers in international journals. Frederic Dumur is specialized in the design of photoinitiators of polymerization under soft irradiation conditions. His research interest also includes the design of polymers for optoelectronics applications (2D polymerization on metal surfaces)
Abstract:
In the blooming field of on-surface synthesis, molecular building blocks are designed to self-assemble and covalently couple directly on a well-defined surface, thus allowing the exploration of unusual reaction pathways and the production of specific compounds in mild conditions. Up to now, most of the single-layered surface covalent organic frameworks (SCOFs) have been prepared by Ullmann dehalogenation reactions of brominated aromatic compounds or trimerization of diboronic acids. Here we present our results concerning the creation of functionalized organic nanoribbons on the Ag (110) surface by mean of an oxidative coupling unprecedented in the literature. Interestingly, length of the resulting nanoribbons could be efficiently controlled by mean of the temperature deposition whereas the anisotropic substrate could act as an efficient template fostering the alignment of the nanoribbons, up to the full monolayer regime.
Reem AlBilali
Imam Abdulrahamn Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
Title: The influence of tuning the particle size of titania-supported palladium nanoparticles on their catalytic activity for liquid phase transfer dehydrogenation of 1-phenylethanol
Time : 11:10-11:35
Biography:
Reem Khalid AlBilali is an assistant professor in physical chemistry at the IAU University, Saudi Arabia since 2012. Her research interests are the synthesis and characterization of novel stable monodisperse and bimetallic nanoparticles and their catalytic applications, biomass transformation to fine chemicals and fuels. She worked at Cardiff Catalysis Institute at Cardiff University, UK, as a visiting postdoctoral research fellow during the period of 15/Sep/2015 to 14/Sep/2017. AlBilali has many publications in both Arabic and English language, and she is a (MRSC) member in the Royal Chemical Society (RSC) and a member in the American Chemical Society, Saudi Chemical Society and the National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE).
Abstract:
The influence of varying the stabiliser type (PVA, PVP, and THPC) during the synthesis of palladium nanoparticles via sol-immobilisation technique on the resulted particles, and their catalytic activity on the liquid phase transfer dehydrogenation of 1-PhEt has been investigated. The chemical composition and morphology of the fresh and used catalysts were determined using XRD, XPS, BET, SEM-EDX, and TEM. By evaluating the catalytic activity of the series of 1% Pd/TiO2 catalysts prepared using different PVA/Pd weight ratio, the results illustrate that two main parameters can mainly control the catalytic activity of 1% Pd/TiO2 in the liquid phase transfer dehydrogenation of 1-PhEt, these are Pd(0)/Pd(II) ratio and the particle size of the catalyst. The results show that two different regimes can be identified during the liquid phase transfer dehydrogenation of 1-PhEt. At the initial time, the particle size parameter appears to control the catalytic performance of 1-PhEt while the effect of Pd oxidation state starts to take place after reaching iso-conversion, where the percentage of Pd(0)/Pd(II) increases while the reaction proceeds.
Mary E. Craig
Oakland University, USA
Title: A review on the characterization of the enthesis (osteotendon junction) – From classic histology to approaches in material science and engineering.
Time : 11:35-12:00
Biography:
Mary E. Craig is a classically trained anatomist with extensive experience in skeletal biology. Mary has studied skeletal material from archaeological sites, bone excised from modern humans and animals, and the engineering of biomimetic bone. Mary is keenly interested in creating “off-the -shelf” enthesis (osteotendon junction) and the use of “green materials” in medicine – that is to say, materials that in their natural form (limited manufacturing processes) can be used for implant. There is some evidence that green materials reduce incidence of rejection and implant failure and further considerations for manufactures to reduce the toxic-foot print on the environment. In addition to her research interests Mary has instructed anatomy since being an undergraduate and has expertise in clinically- based human and veterinary anatomy, neuroanatomy, forensic and physical anthropology, osteoarchaeology, and the nanomechanics and histology of biological materials. She is a tenured faculty member of the Department of Biological Sciences at Oakland University.
Abstract:
Statement of the Problem: Auto grafts and implants of the enthesis will play an important role in the health care in the 21st. Century due to the largely world-wide aging of populations and the debilitating effects of osteoarthritis and associated bone and tendon pathologies. It is well-documented that tendons avulsed from their skeletal attachment of limb bones do not heal well and are prone to rupture following reattachment. Theoretical Orientation: Failure of the enthesis repair may, or may not, be due to the use of unsuitable biomaterial implants at the bone tendon interface, altered tendon mechanics created by employing bone pins which change the contractile force ratio, and/or change in the configuration of collagen fibrils at the attachment site leading to rupture at subsequent stress points. Failure could also be attributed to cytological differences within the periostea or tissue mechanics. Findings: A review of the current literature demonstrates very little histological information on the periosteum or the enthesis and there are only a few publications on nanoindentation of these tissues. There is no known interdisciplinary publication to date. Further, current research demonstrates a lack of consistency between researchers with regard to biosample preparation for tribology; making it difficult for researchers to compare results and apply that information to the in-vivo state. Conclusion & Significance: An inter-disciplinary approach is needed to examine the histology of the periosteum as a material that is composite lamellar in nature and provide greater detail on constituent layers. A standard method for preparation and analysis of biosamples for tribology is needed. Techniques between the pure sciences and engineering are likely to provide better information to compare and contrast the enthesis nanomechanics. An interdisciplinary focus and participation with industry will allow us to create complex biological structures for implants to improve patient outcomes.
M. Chenani
Islamic Azad University, Iran
Title: The effect of SiO2 particle size on hemostatic properties of a novel hybrid as a styptic for severe bleeding
Time : 12:00-12:25
Biography:
Maryam Chenani has been studying and researching in new biomaterials and drug release for more than 7 year, she spend 5 years of her professional studies on blood coagulation in severe bleeding. She collaborates in coagulation part of the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization to design the gelatin-base nano-hybrid which are recently tested on animals. These tests recorded the extraordinary effect of this material on reduce the coagulation time. There are two published books in design and creation of nanomaterials by Maryam Chenani. In addition, she has been attended to several international conferences and published some papers in these fields.
Abstract:
Trauma and its results such as uncontrolled bleeding are some of the most common cause of death. The bleeding and its shock can be cause of serious injuries in vital organs like brain, heart and kidneys in the early stage. Therefore, fast hemostasis is essential as a strategy. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of SiO2 particle size of gelatin/ silica hybrid on hemostatic properties and especially on accelerating the coagulation cascade as a styptic for severe bleeding. The characteristics of blood coagulation (using activated partial thromboplastin time), platelet adhesion (loctate-dehydrogenase), blood and water absorption, structural properties (using UV visible spectroscopy) as well as size analysis (using dynamic light scattering) have been investigated. Hybrid hemostatic behavior varied drastically by changing the particle size, so that the hybrid with micro-meter SiO2 particle size of about 1µm demonstrated very poor ability in platelet adhesion with approximately 3% absorption. Also the activated partial thromboplastin time was just 2 seconds shorter than the normal time, whereas reduction of particle size beyond a certain limit (100nm), led to both increasing platelet adhesion rate to about 28% and very considerable reduction of PTT. In addition, the time of clot formation reduced by 30 seconds in activated partial thromboplastin time test. Alignment of all results showed that particle size reduction improves the hemostatic behavior of the gelatin/ silica hybrid toward its ideal performance by controlling excessive bleeding.
Keywords: particle size; gelatin/silica hybrid; styptic; coagulation cascade.
K.Rajendra Udupa
National Institute of Technology Karnataka, India
Title: Antimicrobial activity of electrodeposited copper coating on double zincated aluminium plate
Time : 12:25-12:50
Biography:
Prof. Rajendra Udupa has more than 30 years of teaching and research experience in National Institute of Technology Karnataka, India. Professor has obtained his under graduation, Post-graduation and Phd degree from Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Banglore. The interested areas are extractive metallurgy, welding, casting, physical metallurgy and metal coating. Professor has guided five research scholars and number of UG and PG students. He has completed number of funded projects.
Abstract:
The technique of electrodeposition can be used to deposit an adherent and strong copper film on aluminium products which bears the applications of touch surfaces like door knobs in the hospitals. Experiments were carried out to assess the antimicrobial properties of copper coatings deposited on a double zincated aluminium plate by electrochemical method and compare the same with that of a surface of the bulk copper. The electrodepositions was carried out in a non-cyanide alkaline bath which contains appropriate amount of copper nitrate, ammonium nitrate and tetra ethylene pent-amine. The scanning electron microscopic studies on the coating revealed that nodules of the deposited copper grow unevenly in the columnar form. The cross-sectioned view of the coating resembled that of seeds of promognate. Further, transmission electron microscopic studies on the coating found that individual nodules consist of nano sized crystallite with average size of 32nm. They include a large number of micro twins. The antimicrobial test against methicillin resistant staphylococcus aurous (MRSA) proved that within six hours of exposure 100% MRSA was killed by coated sample whereas that was only 88% by the surface of the bulk copper. The higher efficiency for antimicrobial activity exhibited by the coated film of copper compared to that of surface of the bulk of the copper is attributed to higher surface area possessed by former compared to latter one. In addition, because of the complex topographic formation of electrodeposited copper coating, the number of active contact points in touch with bacteria is quite high compared to those on the surface of the bulk copper. The mechanisms for the better anti-microbial activity compared to bulk copper are discussed in the paper.
K. Guergouri
University Larbi Ben M'Hidi of Oum El Bouaghi, Algeria
Title: Investigation of structural and electrical properties of manganese doped ZnO varistors prepared from nanopowders
Time : 13:35-14:00
Biography:
Kamel Guergouri has completed his PhD (Doctorate) at the age of 28 years from Marie Curie University (France) and works as Professor in physics and researcher at Constantine University (Algeria). He led the laboratory of physics chemistry of semiconductors for four years. He has published more than 30 papers in reputed journals. His biographical profile has been publiched in the 14th edition of « Who’s who in the world » (1997), he was member of the NewYork Academy of Sciences (1994/1995), expert to the journals: Journal of Applied Physics, Physical and Chemical News, International Journal of Electronics and the journal « Siences & Technology,.
Abstract:
Non-ohmic properties of pure and doped zinc oxide varistors are widely used to manufacture good devices. These varistors are generally used in electrical or electronic circuits to protect them from voltage surges. In this study, pure and Mn doped ZnO nanopowders have been synthesized by a soft chemistry method, the sol-gel route. The obtained powders after calcination at 500°C are consolidated and sintered using conventional furnace at 1075°C for 15 min. The obtained pellets are characterized by: X-ray diffraction, MET. The XRD spectra indicate that pure and Mn doped ZnO powders are solid solution, with an average grain size varying between 36.15 nm to 65.92 nm. The grain size decreases with the increase of Mn concentration except for 5 mol % Mn, where there is an unexpected increase. This is confirmed by MET images. The current-voltage J(E) characteristics show that the breakdown electric field increases with increasing Mn concentration ranging from 315.62V/cm to 733.33V/cm except for the Zn-5%Mn-O varistor, where the non linear coefficient α and breakdown electric field are lower. In general the more the grain size decreases the more the varistor effect and the threshold voltage increase.
Lujun Pan
Dalian University of Technology, China
Title: Carbon nanocoils: Synthesis, properties and applications
Time : 14:00-14:25
Biography:
Lujun Pan received his doctoral degree at Osaka Prefecture University in 2000, and became an assistant professor at the same university. In 2007, he returned back to China and worked in Dalian University of Technology as a professor. He is directing the research center of nanomaterials and optoelectronic technology. His research interesting is in carbon nanomaterials, including the synthesis of carbon nanotubes, carbon nanocoils and graphenes, their physical properties and potential applications in field emission devices, MEMS and NEMS, super capacitors and strain sensors. He has managed or participated many research projects in Japan and China and international collaborations, and published over 100 papers in the relative international journals, and also edited or took part in the writing of 5 books.
Abstract:
Due to their specular 3D helical morphology, carbon nanocoils (CNCs) have excellent electromechanical properties, which show potential applications in super capacitors, field-emission devices, microwave absorption materials, near-infrared detectors, elastic composites, and strain sensors. This report focuses on the application of flexible strain sensors using CNCs as sensing medium.
The electrical conductivity of a single CNC is investigated over a wide temperature range from 4 to 300 K. It is found that the smaller the line diameter of the CNC, the bigger the size of the crystalline grain, which results in the better crystallinity and conductivity. Moreover, the temperature behavior of r(T) reveals that the intrinsic electric-transport mechanisms through a single helical CNC are mainly due to a combination conduction processes of the thermal activation, the nearest-neighbor hopping, and variable range hopping.
A straightforward method for measuring Young’s modulus of single CNCs is proposed. Acting as a 1D nano-oscillator, a CNC cantilever was stimulated to vibrate under an alternating electric field. Using a classical continuum model, a formula that accounts for the frequency response of vibration was deduced, and this formula was used to accurately determine the resonance frequency of the CNC. Young’s modulus was calculated from the resonance frequency using a theory based on material mechanics. It was found that Young’s modulus is depend on graphitization of the CNCs.
Based on the electromechanical properties, CNCs for the electrodes of super capacitors, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and microwave absorbers, single CNC units for near-infrared detectors, surface tension detectors, strain sensors and the CNC networks for wearable devices and micro-electro-mechanical systems have been studied.
Jameel M. A. Sulaiman
University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
Title: (PANI-PTSA) & CoFe2O4/Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 - Nanocomposite absorption materials prepared for EMI shielding in microwave X-band
Time : 14:25-14:40
Biography:
Jameel Sulaiman, B.Sc. Physics – 1982, University of Baghdad. M.Sc. Physics – 2005, University of Mosul. PhD Student; since Nov, 2013 at Technology University, Baghdad, may be within two month I get the degree. He has built his expertise during years of hard work in R&D centers in Iraq since (1988-2003), then (2005) in evaluation, teaching and administration both in education institutions at University of Mosul College of Dentistry. He has a number of applied research and published locally and internationally. In addition to my participation in a number of local and international conferences in Turkey, Saudi Arabia, UAE … as well as a training course in Switzerland.
Abstract:
Statement of the Problem: The risk of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) waves is constantly required to materials work as shielding, which are widely used in various high technology applications such as medical, communications, military. Polyaniline (PANI-PTSA) & Ferromagnetic - Cobalt Ferrite {CoFe2O4}/Cobalt-Zinc ferrite {Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4} nanocomposites are one of these materials which are mix together to have found a solution for these problems. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Polyaniline doped Para Toluen Sulfic Acid (PANI-PTSA) be set up by substance oxidative polymerization of aniline in aqueous medium with ammonium peroxydisulphate as an oxidant. The sol–gel auto combustion method has been used to synthesis ferrite samples. Nicholson–Ross–Weir (NRW) method was applied to determine the real and imaginary parts of complex relative permittivity (εr'-jεr'') and permeability (μr'-jμr'').Findings: The composite materials showed maximum absorption frequency range reflection loss of CFP was -7.1 dB at 9 GHz and -9.6 dB at 11.2 GHz, while at the same frequency for CZFP was -17.1 dB and -23.7 dB respectively. Conclusion & Significance: Result indicated that CZFP was the best (> 98% power absorption) than CFP (>50% power absorption).
Jingkun Xu
Southeast University, China
Title: Size-tunable CsPbBr3 perovskite ring arrange for stable and ultralow threshold laser
Time : 14:40-14:55
Biography:
Jingkun Xu come from Anhui province of China. He is Optical Engineering PhD of advanced photonics center, southeast university.
Abstract:
Owing to the long carrier lifetimes and diffusion lengths, the high photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield, and the stoichiometric wavelength tenability, CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite nanocrystals are extensively applied in various optoelectronics, especially for laser. Recently, perovskite microscale crystals with different morphology, such as spherical, rectangular and hexagonal, have been prepared for whispering gallery modes (WGM) lasing. In this work, we prepared the high quality size-controlled and periodic perovskite hollow ring arrays by a facile microsphere template lithography technology. The common feature for these works is the use of solid crystals as the optical gain media, which may cause more resonating modes and large threshold due to the presence of multiple transportation path of the light. Up to now, it still lacks related reports about the hollow structure of perovskite microscale crystals for WGM lasing applications. In comparison to single hollow perovskite structure, the periodic array of hollow perovskite structures have not only the merits of single hollow structure but also additional collective properties, for instance interference of stimulated radiation, due to the interactions of different hollow structures, and hence available in laser array source, array sensing, and so on. The diameters of as-prepared perovskite rings can be tuned continuously from 2.6µm to 16.9µm by selection of template spheres with different size or additional annealing treatments. Besides, optically pumped room temperature WGM lasing with single mode and low-threshold (~6 µJ cm−2, lower than most solid microscale perovskite crystals) from individual perovskite hollow ring and the coherent radiation from perovskite microring array were obtained.
Tokar E.A
IC FEB RAS, Russia
Title: Organomineral sorbents based on chitosanferrocyanide for extraction and concentration of Cs-137 from seawater
Time : 14:55-15:10
Biography:
Tokar Eduard in 2015 defended a bachelor's degree in chemistry. Starting from 2015, he studies at the master's course at the Faculty of Organic Chemistry, Far Eastern Federal University. 2015 Researcher, Department of Elemental Organic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and Research Associate of the Laboratory of Sorption Processes Institute of Chemistry of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In 2017 he graduated from the master's degree in the field of organoelemental chemistry and entered the postgraduate course in chemistry and ecology in the department of nuclear technologies..
Abstract:
To date, most of the ongoing and operational nuclear power plants in the Asia-Pacific region are in the coastal zone using seawater for direct cooling, which creates the danger of the release of radioactive substances into the World Ocean in the event of an accident. In this connection, an important technological task is the concentration of Cs-137 from seawater as one of the most dangerous anthropogenic radionuclides for the purposes of radioecological monitoring. The natural content of 137Cs is 3-5 Bq / m3, which is lower than the lower detection threshold with modern radiometric equipment. To solve this problem, most commonly used materials based on ammonium phosphomolybdate, sparingly soluble ferrocyanides Fe, Ni, Co. However, the lack of such materials is the irreversibility of the sorption process, which makes it difficult to obtain high concentration factors for the radionuclide. By means of co-precipitation, mixed ferrocyanide Zn-K and natural biopolymer chitosan in the form of a poly-base, we obtained a new organomineral sorbent, which can be used in the sorption-regeneration cycle using 5M NH4NO3 solution as the eluent.The new sorbent made it possible to create an efficient scheme for the concentration of Cs-137 from seawater. At the first stage, the radionuclide is extracted from seawater under dynamic conditions, at a filtration rate of 100 column volumes per hour, the efficiency of radionuclide sorption from seawater exceeds 95%, the sorbent resource is 1600-1900 column volumes. The sorbed radionuclide is then eluted with a solution of 5M NH4NO3 under dynamical conditions with an efficiency of 95%. The next step is the additional concentration of Cs-137 with an efficiency of 99% with chitosanferrocyanide sorbents based on mixed ferrocyanide Ni-K with preliminary treatment of the dry NaOH eluate under heating. Using the proposed scheme, the volume of the final radionuclide concentrate can be reduced by 30,000 times compared with the initial amount of filtered seawater. The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (agreement No. 14-50-00034) and by means of a grant from British Petroleum Company
- Materials Applications
Chair
Zheng Cui
Suzhou Institute of Nanotech and Nanobionics, China
Session Introduction
Jethoo A.S
Malaviya National Institute of Technology, India
Title: Potential use of quarry waste as construction and building material: A review
Time : 15:10-15:35
Biography:
Jethoo A.S. is Associate Professor in Department of Civil Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur (India) as expertise in water resources and environmental engineering. Jethoo has his expertise in environment friendly materials. He has published more than 80 papers in International and National journals and conferences. He has served as the head of the Engineering College, Ajmer (India) for three years.
Abstract:
Quarry activity is a highly unsustainable process as it produces land, water, air and noise pollution. It adversely affect the ecology of surrounding areas and generating tons of waste. It has been estimated that of entire quarrying process, about 30% to 40% of quarry product is unfit for commercial use and is discarded as waste. This waste is either the filled back in quarry pit or disposed of in landfill which has its own drawbacks. Various research has been conducted which show that this waste has potential to be used as construction and building material like cement, concrete, bricks, etc. This paper provides a review of such recent studies conducted around the world and gives a general overview of the potential areas where this quarry waste can be used as partial, to full replacement of conventional materials.
Zheng Cui
Suzhou Institute of Nanotech and Nanobionics, China
Title: Applications of inorganic nanomaterials for printed electronics
Time : 15:50-16:15
Biography:
Professor Zheng Cui had worked in the UK for 20 years from 1989 to 2009, first at Cambridge University and then at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory as a Principal Scientist and group leader. He returned to China in October 2009 and joined the Suzhou Institute of Nanotech and Nanobionics where he setup the first research center in China dedicated to printed electronics R&D. He and his research team have developed a wide range of printed electronics technologies and some have been transferred to industry and commercialized. Since 2010, he has authored and coauthored over 50 scientific journal publications, 4 books and 60 patents. He has been a Fellow of UK Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) since 2004
Abstract:
Nanotechnology has been the most pursued science and technology topic worldwide in the last two decades. If one recounts the successful stories in nanotechnology development, it would undoubtedly be the development of variety of nanomaterials. Many forms of nanomaterials have been discovered. However, most of the reports of nanomaterials are scientific publications. The successful stories of industrial scale applications of nanomaterials are rare and scattered. One challenge is to find efficient and low cost ways to integrate nanomaterials into a device or a system. Recent rapid development of printed electronics offers hopes for industrial scale application of nanomaterials, as most of nanomaterials can be formulated as inks and printed.
The Printable Electronics Research Centre (PERC) has been developing various electronic applications based on printing inorganic nanomaterials in the last 8 years. The applications ranged from solar cells, thin-film transistors, to flexible and stretchable electronic circuits. One successful story is the development of a novel hybrid printing process for making metal-mesh transparent conductive films (Figure 1). The technology has been industrialized for making touch panels in high volume. Notebook computers using the metal-mesh touch panels have been commercialized. Other applications include printed flexible hybrid electronics. Wearable temperature patch which can transmit body temperature wirelessly to a mobile phone has been developed(Figure 2).
Safeer Ahmad Arbab
Islamia College Peshawar, Pakistan
Title: Processing & characterization of eco-friendly interlock construction blocks for earthquake regions
Time : 16:15-16:40
Biography:
Safeer Ahmad Arbab is currently an Assistant Professor at Department of Physics, founder and project Director of center of Material science at Islamia College Peshawar, Pakistan. He earned an MSc in Physics from the University of Peshawar, M.Phil. in Nuclear Physics, and a Ph.D. in Material science. His research interests include Ceramics, clay bricks and eco efficient blocks.
Dr Safeer is also serving as a director of ORIC (office of research, innovation and commercialization) at Islamia College Peshawar since 2015. He organized different seminars, workshop etc for the Encouraging of entrepreneurship in university, research outputs and link between academia and research institutions at national and international level.
Abstract:
Brick and block are construction materials, used for building houses and apartments. Bricks and blocks are used worldwide in developed and developing countries alike, sometimes due to strong cultural aspects, long time tradition or a strong symbol of construction. There are over 1.3 trillion bricks manufactured each year worldwide out of which 75% are made in China and South Asia. Pakistan as the 3rd largest brick producing country in world, this shows the importance of the industry in the country. The International Energy Agency points out that commercial and residential buildings made of traditional bricks consume about 32% global energy and 10% of continuous direct energy-related CO2 emissions for cooling or heating purposes. Pollution kills more people each year than wars, smoking, disasters and hunger, also causing huge economic damage, a study says. Almost half the total deaths occur in just two countries. One of out every six premature deaths in the world in 2015, about nine million was attributed to disease from toxic exposure, according to a recently major study released in the Lancet medical journal. The report says, costing some $4.6 trillion in annual losses or about 6.2 per cent of the global economy.
Based on above mentioned issues, the goal of the study is to develop a clean production that can utilize soil, fiber, fly ash or sand. Replacing bricks with alternatives that are safer, cheaper, cleaner and faster to build. Interlocking property make it as a cost effective and sustainable construction material which has potential to bring durable and affordable homes to developing counties around the world. The main benefit of manufacturing unfired cementitious bricks is that it requires lesser energy than fired bricks and hence the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere is 80% less than fired bricks. Soil, fiber, cement and foaming agent to produce light weight, low cost and environmental friendly construction interlock products. Due to their interlocking, to induce at some extent flexibility and light weight properties, it tolerates more intensity of earthquake than brick building.
P.Sarah
Vardhaman College of Engineering, India
Title: Influence of rare earths on the electromechanical coupling factor and operating temperature of strontium bismuth titanate
Time : 16:40-17:05
Biography:
Dr Pasala Sarah, Professor and Dean, R&D, is an accomplished academician with over 20 years of teaching experience blended with additional experience in Research & Administration. The Research experience includes execution of research projects in identifying materials for different needs of the Industry. Her administrative experience includes Vice Principal, Head and Dean Portfolios in large Engineering College of over 2500 students. She has a passion for teaching and is instrumental in bringing in outcome based teaching-learning process to enhance quality of both teaching and learning. Dr.Sarah has unique experience of blending her core competency of Physics with modern technological practices which enable the students to Innovate, Adapt to change and Adopt to the new technologies in the realm of Physics.
Abstract:
Piezoelectric ceramics are widely studied for numerous electronic functional device applications, e.g. in microprocessors resonators, mobile communications filters, inject printers’ actuators and for detecting shock sensors and hard disc drives, etc. The piezoelectrics used for these applications are commonly Lead based materials because of their good piezoelectric behavior. These Lead based piezoelectrics have two major deficits viz. low operating temperatures and toxicity. Keeping these factors in view, the present study attempts to find alternate environment friendly piezoelectrics with good piezoelectric properties and enhanced operating temperatures. Strontium Bismuth Titanate is a suitable alternate piezoelectric.
Strontium Bismuth Titanate SrBi4Ti4O15 (SBT), a member of the Bismuth Layered Structured Ferroelectric (BLSF), is gaining attention because of its Curie temperature and its ability to be tailored for required applications with suitable composition modifications. The higher Curie temperature (535oC) makes it useful for applications at higher temperature. The electromechanical coupling factor of SBT is around 0.40 while that of PZT is of the order of 0.70. The present study analyses the influence of rare earth substitution and the preparation method on the electromechanical coupling factor and Curie temperature of lead free piezoceramics.
This paper evaluates the impact of Rare Earth (RE) substitution on SrBi4Ti4O15 (SBT), (RE: Zirconium (Zr), Samarium (Sm), Neodymium (Nd), Holmium (Ho), Praseodymium (Pr), Dysprosium (Dy)) and also the impact of processing method on Curie temperature and kp (electromechanical coupling factor) of SBT. The temperature at which phase transition from ferroelectric to paraelectric phase occurs is called the Curie temperature (Tc). In this study, the dielectric constant of La-substituted (SBT), Sm- substituted (SBT), Nd- substituted (SBT) has proved to decrease and the TC increased for all the RE substituted SrBi4Ti4O15 except for that with Zr.
An increase in the Tc is observed due to the rare-earth ions substitution and the piezoelectric behavior is enhanced with the increase in rare-earth ions content making these materials useful for piezoelectric applications at temperatures greater than 550oC.